chapter one; first chapter
friendship; goodwill; friendly relations; amity
party (gathering, celebration, etc.); party (group, political, etc.)
continent; continental Asia (esp. mainland China); continental Europe
western direction; Western Pure Land (Amitabha's Buddhist paradise); western fighter in a match (e.g. sumo)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
place; situation; position; location
large country; major nation; great power; province of the highest rank (ritsuryo system)
Belfast (Northern Ireland, UK)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
Regulus (star in the constellation Leo); Alpha Leonis
once; before; formerly; never yet; never before; first time
war; fighting; fierce competition
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
national border; provincial border
both countries; Ryōgoku (area of Tokyo)
backing; support; backer; shield that protects one's back
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
birth; creation; formation
dukedom; duchy; principality
in; at; on; as for; regarding; with regards to
smallest (in size, degree, etc.); least; minimum; minimal
territory; dominion; grounds (e.g. school)
in comparison to; rather than
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
people (of a country); nation; citizen; national
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to govern; to manage; to subdue
full moon; moon on the 15th day of the month (by the lunar calendar); full moon of the eighth lunar month
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding