the West; the Occident; Western countries
Islamic state (state where shari'a law is enforced); Islamic country
idealistic thought (argument)
to get into an argument; to come to discuss; to be controversial (usu. as an adjectival phrase); to be contentious
self-affirmation; self-approval
turning point; tipping point; commutation point
to skip over (while reading); to skim
camel; camel (cloth); cloth made from camel hair; camel (color); light yellowish brown
good performance; good work; great success
external pressure; outside pressure; foreign pressure
embodiment; manifestation; materialization; materialisation; expression; indication
all-out confrontation; total confrontation
to interfere; to butt in; to interrupt someone
eternal recurrence; eternal return
to hurl abuse (at); to use abusive language
speculation; thinking; meditation
new breed of humans (used to refer to the younger generation, who have different ideals and sensibilities)
proponent; exponent; advocate
in short; in brief; to sum up; ultimately; in the end; in the long run
oil; petroleum; kerosene; paraffin
to dig up; to dig out; to pick (nose, teeth); to clean out (ears)
grumbling; muttering; nonsense
result of one's blood, sweat, and tears; fruits of one's labour
so-and-so; who?; which people?
excitement; exasperation; indignation; rage; fury
tsk tsk; oh-oh; huh; what's that?
to become aroused (of emotions, nerves, etc.); to become excited; to become stirred up; to be proud; to be haughty; to be pompous
spinning rapidly; turning quickly; fast-forward (VCR, etc.); scanning