you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
tear; tears; lachrymal secretion; sympathy
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to blink (one's eyes); to wink; to bat; to twinkle (e.g. stars); to flicker; to waver
to die; (lit.) to become a star
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
noisy; loud; annoying; troublesome; fussy; finicky
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
low (rank, degree, value, content, quality, etc.); low (position); close to the ground; short (height); deep (voice); in a low key
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
with a start; with a jump
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to shiver; to shake; to quake; to tremble; to quaver; to quiver
with a bang; with a crash; with a bump; suddenly (fall); sharply
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
chair; stool; post; office; position
showy; loud; gay; flashy; gaudy
seat; location (of a gathering, etc.); place; position; post
rough; wild; rude; harsh; gruff; violent
to stand up; to get up; to rise; to recover; to take action; to start; to make the initial charge
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
instant; moment; for an instant
(in the) neighbourhood; neighborhood; around; about; for instance; say
to cease; to stop; to be over
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
one's line of sight; one's gaze; one's eyes (looking); glance; gaze; look
to gather; to collect; to assemble
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be surprised; to be astonished
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)