first; firstly; first of all; Introduction; Preface
activity (of a person, organization, animal, volcano, etc.); action; movie (esp. during the silent movie period)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
diffusion; spread; popularization; promulgation; familiarization
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to originate with; to start with; to stem from
infectious disease; infection
fashion; trend; vogue; prevalence (of a disease); epidemic
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pass; to elapse; to pass through; to go through; to experience; to go through
everyday life; daily life
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to advance; to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to improve; to deepen
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
technology; engineering; technique; skill; art; craft
by means of; due to; because of; according to
service; help; discount; discounted item; free service; freebie; service
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
every day; daily; day after day; days (e.g. good old days)
action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation
to urge; to encourage; to press; to stimulate (e.g. growth); to hasten (e.g. development); to quicken
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
tool (esp. software, etc.); tour (e.g. Tour de France)
one by one; one after another; successively
to create; to bring forth; to invent; to think up and bring into being; to give birth to; to bear
enterprise; business; company; corporation
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
even so; however; still; whereupon; even though; nevertheless
one-by-one; separately; in detail
effect; effectiveness; efficacy; effects (e.g. sound effects, visual effects, special effects)
to rise; to swell; to be promoted