to jump over; to clear; to walk over (someone)
pay; salary; wages; allowance; grant; supply
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
to value; to prize; to esteem; to respect
inversion; opposition; conflicting; repulsion; contradiction
the positive and the negative
source (of a river); fountainhead; source; origin; root
to show respect for; to revere; to honour; to honor; to worship; to hold in esteem
the five Confucian filial-piety relationships
pecking order; hierarchical relationship; vertical relationship; hyponymy
the Analects of Confucius (one of the Four Books)
Qin dynasty (of China; 221-207 BCE); Ch'in dynasty
Song-period neo-Confucianism (based esp. on the teachings of Zhu Xi)
technical skill; ability; capacity
civil service examination
action; behavior; behaviour; (arch.) recommendation (of a person for a position)
Mao Zedong thought; Maoist thought; Maoism
Empire of Japan (Japan's official name under the Meiji Constitution)
energy; vigor; vigour; vitality
Red Army; Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army
People's Republic of China
Great Leap Forward (failed attempt to industrialize China and increase agricultural production, from 1958-1960); significant breakthrough; great strides
(China's) Cultural Revolution (1966-76)
eradication; extermination; rooting out; stamping out; getting rid of
head; chief; chairman; governor; top seat; first desk (in orchestra)
personality cult; cult of personality
improvement of relations; rapprochement
cover (of a book, magazine, etc.); binding; appearing on the cover of a magazine
to become less crowded; to thin out; to get empty; to be hungry
by (from) choice; by (for) preference; of one's own accord; of one's (own) free will; on purpose; deliberately
Tiananmen Square (in Beijing)
whirlpool; swirl; eddy; vortex; maelstrom