jpdb beta

suffix for familiar person

11

previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session

2

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

74

indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

41

near; close; beside; vicinity; proximity; besides

1

indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very

22

udon; thick Japanese wheat noodles

1

at; in; at; when; by; with; and then

21

to disagree; to dispute; to fight (over)

1

behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)

2

merit; success; meritorious deed; achievement; accumulated experience

1

expert; learned person; doctor; PhD; instructor at the imperial court (ritsuryo period); pitch and length marks (to accompany a Buddhist liturgical chant, etc.)

2

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

21

to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)

1

good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result

2

parallel world; parallel universe

1

at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for

38

to begin a trip; to depart; to embark; to die; to pass away; to depart this life

1

chirp; cheep

13

this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")

6

the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous

5

to continue (for a long time); to occur in succession; to come next (e.g. on TV)

1

pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)

8

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)

29

to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe

1

New Year

2

from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)

13

too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as

22

to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post

1

this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence

8

here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...

6

if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question

18

five colors (usu. red, blue, yellow, white and black); five colours; many kinds; varied; melon; gourd

2

rice field

2

fatsi (Fatsia japonica); paperplant; Japanese aralia

1

cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull

2

ah; oh; hey!

14

who

10

is it?; isn't it?; be; is

1

(indoor) heating

2

temperature

2

to hang; to suspend; to lower; to reduce; to demote; to move back

1

ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah

17

yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?

1

I; me

13

be; is

5

yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr

1

again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and

4

Juran

11

that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?

2