unmarried woman; Miss; -ess; -ette
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
another time; again; over again; formally; especially; intentionally
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
now; the present time; just now; another; more
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
honorific/polite/humble prefix
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
where; which; anyway; anyhow; sooner or later; eventually
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
oh!; dear me; my goodness; well well; I say
how; in what way; how about
to build up; to establish; to form; to become (a state); to accomplish; to achieve; to change into
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
chest; breast; breasts; bosom; heart; lungs; stomach
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
noisily (e.g. from many people talking); creating a commotion; rustling (leaves); feeling a chill; getting the chills
to sleep; to die; to rest (in peace); to lie idle (e.g. of resources); to lie unused; (arch.) to close one's eyes
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
lack of sleep; insufficient sleep
beauty; good figure; (beautiful) appearance; beautification; beauty treatment; beauty culture
great rival; powerful enemy; archenemy
I; me; personal (affairs, etc.); private; selfishness; partiality
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
leaving a decision to someone else (often of a meal to be selected by the chef); omakase
please (give me); please (do for me)
inside one's heart; in one's mind
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to make clear; to clarify; to disclose; to make public
to get rid of; to erase; to dispel; to eradicate; to wipe away
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back