yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(a) little; somewhat; somehow
clearly; plainly; distinctly; to be clear; to be definite; to be certain
weather; the elements; fair weather; fine weather
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
crisply; with a crunch; refreshingly; sharply; candidly; frankly
to be in high spirits; to be full of vigor (vigour); to be enthusiastic; to be eager; to stretch to breaking point
to go; to come; to be defeated; to collapse; to be annoyed; to be nonplussed
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
news; tidings; information; correspondence; letter
fax; facsimile; fax machine
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
to accept; to receive (an application); to (be able to) take (food, medicine, etc.); to bear; to be affected by; to take damage from
theme; topic; subject matter; motif; project; slogan
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to continue (for a long time); to occur in succession; to come next (e.g. on TV)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to garnish; to accompany (as a card does a gift); to add to as support; to prop up; to accompany (as an aid, guide, translator, etc.); (arch.) to mimic
clanging (of a bell); jangling; ding-dong; continuously; incessantly; one after another
to send (a thing); to dispatch; to take or escort (a person somewhere); to see off (a person); to bid farewell (to the departed); to bury; to spend (time)
please (give me); please (do for me)
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
Tokyo Metropolis (prefecture); Tokyo metropolitan area
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
number of days; period of days; daily interest rate
to be absent; to take a day off; to rest; to have a break; to go to bed; to (lie down to) sleep