indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
cry (of an animal); call; chirp; song; caw; roar
Deneb (star in the constellation Cygnus); Alpha Cygni
hey!; say!; I say!; I; me
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
quick; nimble; agile; sharp; shrewd; smart
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
at last; finally; barely; narrowly; just
to catch; to capture; to grab; to clutch; to catch hold of (someone); to stop (e.g. a stranger in the street)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to disappear into; to slip into; to be lost in; to be mixed up with
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
never mind that; don't worry about that; listen up
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to place on (something); to give (someone) a ride; to give a lift; to load (luggage); to carry; to send out (on the airwaves, etc.); to deceive
adds light emphasis or insistence to a statement; gives a statement a threatening or condescending tone
well, ...; right, ...; so; then; that way (would mean ...); if that is the case
poor; pitiable; pathetic; pitiful
huff!; yo-heave-ho!; yoisho! (word shouted by the spectators during a yokozuna's ritual stomps); yoisho (filler word in folk music, etc.); flattery; buttering up (someone)
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; used for soft emphasis or to soften a statement or request; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.
toilet; restroom; bathroom; going to the toilet; relieving oneself
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
horn; alarm; whistle; foghorn