new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
prognosis; aftereffects; recuperation; convalescence
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
fort; fortress; stronghold; fortification
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
repulse; repelling (e.g. the enemy); driving back
emperor (of Japan); mikado
both countries; Ryōgoku (area of Tokyo)
assistance; help; aid; support; reinforcement
to refuse; to reject; to decline; to prevent (from doing); to deny (e.g. access); to block
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
wish; desire; hope; prospect; expectation; (one's) hopes
to sever; to cut off; to suppress; to eradicate; to abstain (from); to give up
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
commander-in-chief; supreme commander
prince; subordinate Kumano shrine
to catch; to capture; to grasp (e.g. meaning); to perceive; to captivate; to move (one's heart)
this world; this life; world of the living
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be piled up; to lie on top of one another; to come one after another; to happen over and over; to overlap (each other); to occur at the same time
another; one more; not quite; not very good; lacking
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
unusual event; strange occurrence; strange phenomenon; something abnormal; change (for the worse); accident
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
no matter what it takes; by any means necessary; at all costs; by hook or by crook
people; citizens; subjects; folk
to rescue from; to help out of; to save
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to be lost (e.g. luggage); to be missing; to be used up; to be run out; to disappear (e.g. pain); to be lost (e.g. a dream, confidence)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
Metropolis (of Tokyo); (Tokyo) Metropolitan District; counter for cities and towns; capital
attack; offence; dominant partner of a homosexual relationship; a barrage of; a flood of