futility; waste; uselessness; pointlessness; idleness
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to be caught; to be captured; to be taken prisoner; to be seized with (fear, etc.); to be a slave to; to stick to
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to say; to be called; to do
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
prognosis; aftereffects; recuperation; convalescence
-ian (e.g. Italian); -ite (e.g. Tokyoite); -er (e.g. performer, etc.); person working with ...; man; person
emperor (of Japan); mikado
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
how; in what way; how about
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
foreign country; other country; another province; strange land; alien land
transactions; dealings; business
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to leave as is; to ignore
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to take back; to regain; to get back; to recover
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
originally; by nature; from the start
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces