fertile shoot of field horsetail
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to begin a trip; to depart; to embark; to die; to pass away; to depart this life
disliked; hated; tendency; smack (of); distinction; discrimination
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
clearly; plainly; distinctly; to be clear; to be definite; to be certain
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
really; very; extremely; (not) anything; (not) at all; (not) a bit
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
(arch.) office; (arch.) official; chief; head; (Yaeyama Islands in Okinawa) person (usually a woman) whose duty it is to officiate at religions ceremonies
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
denouncing; calling (e.g. somebody a thief); branding (as)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to match (rhythm, speed, etc.); to join together; to unite; to face; to be opposite (someone); to compare; to check with
honorific/polite/humble prefix
playing; play (margin between on and off, gap before pressing button or lever has an effect)
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
Formosan sweetgum (Liquidambar formosana)
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
all; everything; entirety; absolutely (not); (not) at all; (none) whatsoever
relation; relationship; participation; involvement; influence; effect
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
I; me; self-centered man; egotistical man; pompous man
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do