indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
empty rice field (between the harvest and spring)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
sky; air; ether; firmament; the heavens
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (of China; 9-23 CE)
study tour; guided visit; field trip
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
reservation; appointment; contract; subscription; programming (e.g. a device); setting (e.g. a timer)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
appointment; meeting (e.g. with a customer)
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
railway station; train station; staging post on a highway (in pre-modern Japan); counter for railway stations and bus stations
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to arrive at; to reach; to sit on; to sit at (e.g. the table)
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
to go to meet (someone); to go to pick up
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
then; well; so; well then
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
gotcha; alrighty; got it; OK
slope; incline; hill; milestone; (age) mark
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
article; thing; object; property; real estate
to sell (well); to be well known; to be popular; to be famous
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
Musashi (former province located in parts of present-day Tokyo, Kanagawa and Saitama prefectures)
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
thanks to ...; owing to ...; because of ...