benevolence (esp. as a virtue of Confucianism); consideration; human; kernel; nucleolus
splendid horse; promoted bishop
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
sakaki (species of evergreen sacred to Shinto, Cleyera japonica); evergreen (esp. one planted or used at a shrine)
suffixed to words indicating a class of people to create a plural (esp. in impolite contexts)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
adds force or indicates command
tachibana orange (Citrus tachibana)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
older brother; elder brother
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to kill (a human) using a blade (sword, machete, knife, etc.); to slice (off); to lop (off); to cut (off)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
warrior (esp. of military retainers of daimyos in the Edo period); samurai; (arch.) man in attendance (on a person of high standing); (arch.) retainer
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to approach; to draw near; to get close; to get acquainted with; to get closer to; to get to know
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
heave-ho; oops; yes; yeah
indicates supposition; if ... then; when; (typically after someone's name) indicates exasperation
how; in what way; how about
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
how much; how many; however (much); no matter how; what matters is ...; it all comes down to ...
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
opportunity; chance; folding; fold; small food box (wooden or cardboard); folding in ... (two, three, etc.); counter for folded items
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen