now; soon; already; yet; further; more
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
colouring; coloring; sex appeal (esp. of women); sexiness; interest in the opposite sex; sexual feelings; charm
than; from; out of; except; but; more
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
Nakasendo (Edo-period Edo-Kyoto highway)
Tokaido (Edo-period Edo-Kyoto highway)
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inn town; post town; post-station town
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
journey; trip; travels; during the journey; on the way; while travelling
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
every place; various places
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
famous product; special product; speciality; specialty
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
perilous pass (on a route or journey); rough spot
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
(mountain) pass; highest point on a mountain road; ridge; peak (e.g. of summer); worst (e.g. of an illness); crisis
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
in good condition; in fine shape; glib; slick; harmonious; melodious
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
boss; leader; kingpin; chief; head (e.g. of a crime syndicate)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
mouse; rat; dark gray; dark grey; slate (color, colour)
expressly; especially; taking the trouble (to do); intentionally; deliberately
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
whereabouts; place; location; place where one belongs; where one fits in; place where one can be oneself
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.