honorific/polite/humble prefix
abundant; plentiful; rich; wealthy; open (mind); relaxed
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become skilled in; to become experienced at; to become tame; to become domesticated
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
proprietress (of a traditional Japanese inn or restaurant); landlady; hostess; mistress
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
good-natured person; good person; (one's) lover; boyfriend; girlfriend
request; favor; favour; reliance; dependence; trust
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
to employ; to hire; to charter
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to fall in love; to be in love; to be charmed with; to lose one's heart to
interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
such; like that; that sort of; very
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
before very long; soon; someday; of the previously mentioned; of that number; among them
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
to cough violently; to have a coughing fit
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
poor; needy; lacking (quantity and quality-wise); poor; scanty
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
than; from; out of; except; but; more