indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to wound; to injure; to hurt someone's feelings (pride, etc.); to damage; to chip
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
miko; shrine maiden; young girl or woman (trad. an unmarried virgin) who assists priests at shrines; medium; sorceress; shamaness
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to dress up as; to disguise oneself as; to play the role of
to approach; to draw near; to get close; to get acquainted with; to get closer to; to get to know
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
suspicious; dubious; doubtful; unsure; untrustworthy; unreliable; strange
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to be responsible for; to bear the responsibility of
to catch; to capture; to grasp (e.g. meaning); to perceive; to captivate; to move (one's heart)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to be promoted; to add up to
one's own strength or effort; (by) oneself
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
(a) step; one step; level; stage; small degree; small amount
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
foot; paw; leg; gait; pace; bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji; means of transportation
place to put something; storage space; storehouse; depository; repository; shed
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
alone; by oneself; on one's own
to subsist; to keep on living
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
in that way; thus; so; so?
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
solitude; loneliness; isolation
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic