turret; watchtower; high wooden stage; scaffolding; wooden frame (of a kotatsu); yagura
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
sound; noise; (musical) note; fame
fast; quick; early; soon; premature; too soon
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to be; to come; to go; to be (doing)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Star Festival (held in July or August); Tanabata; Festival of the Weaver
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
interest (in something); curiosity (about something); zest (for)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
star (usu. excluding the Sun); planet (usu. excluding Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); asterisk; star (actor, player, etc.); dot; spot
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.); under (a flag, the sun, etc.); beneath; with (e.g. one blow); on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...); (someone's) side
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
woman; female; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
to marry (of a woman); to get married (to); to marry into (a family); (arch.) to have sexual intercourse
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora); Japanese umbrella pine; tanyosho pine
Jin dynasty (of China; 265-420 CE); Chin dynasty
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
happy; auspicious; propitious; naive
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm