indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
family vacation; family trip
it is, isn't it?; I know, right?; innit?
father; dad; papa; pa; pop; daddy
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
sorry; excuse me; thank you
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
aroma; fragrance; scent; smell
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
introduction; presentation; referral; listing
eldest son (may be the only son); first-born son
one's father; one's old man; middle-aged (or older) man; old man; one's boss; proprietor (of a restaurant, store, etc.)
in that way; thus; so; so?
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
trace; tracks; site; remains; scar
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to succeed (a person, to a position, etc.); to inherit; to patch (clothes); to mend; to add (e.g. charcoal to the fire); to replenish with
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
pursuit of knowledge; studying; learning; training; completing a course
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
traditional art; traditional performance art
foreign; abroad; overseas
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
one's youth; early life; one's early days; one's early years
talent; gift; function; noh (theatre)