indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt; sentence-ending particle expressing a rhetorical question
to desire; to want; to expect (of someone); to hope for; to see; to command (a view of)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
to finish; to end; to have a result less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
after that; afterwards; thereafter
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
come (on); come now; all right; right; well; hmm
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
future; (future) prospects; bringing (from abroad, another region, etc.); bringing about; giving rise to
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
3 o'clock; afternoon snack (eaten around 3 o'clock); three ages of Buddhism (following the death of Gautama Buddha; age of the true law, age of the copied law, and age of the degeneration of the law); three ages of the dharma
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
administrator; director; commissioner
tip-off (to the authorities); information (on); anonymous report
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
slope; incline; hill; milestone; (age) mark
at; in; at; when; by; with
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
way; manner; (for) the first time in (e.g. ten years); after ...; ...-sized; amount (equivalent to ...)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
kidnapper; kidnaper; abductor
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
this way (of doing); this method; this sort (of thing); this type
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.