suffixed to words indicating a class of people to create a plural (esp. in impolite contexts)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to cough violently; to have a coughing fit
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
hot (thing); passionate (feelings, etc.); ardent; hot (e.g. temper); zealous; enthusiastic; intense
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
papa; dad; daddy; sugar daddy
railway crossing; railroad crossing; starting line; scratch; determination; stepping over the edge of the ring
running (of a car, bus, etc.); traveling; travelling; running (of a program)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
shopkeeper; storekeeper; proprietor of a shop
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
rock (music); rock; boulder; on the rocks
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
young man; young woman; young people; youth; youngsters
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
to apologize; to apologise
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
that way; that direction; that (one); that person; there; over there
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
(police) detective; criminal matter
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
bill; bill of sale; tab (for later payment); credit; contact move (in go); direct attack to an enemy stone; sound effect produced by striking with clappers a wooden board in kabuki
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
racing (of an engine); spinning one's wheels; running idle; fruitless effort; going nowhere; going round in circles
to summon; to call (e.g. phone); to convene; to invoke (e.g. subroutine); to call; to open (e.g. a file)
answering machine; answerphone