indeed; really; truly; very much
to become stiff (of muscles); to get absorbed in; to develop a passion for; to be elaborate; to be intricate
honorific/polite/humble prefix
two persons; two people; pair; couple
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
trouble; hardship; difficulty; anxiety; worry; concern
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
to cough violently; to have a coughing fit
bang; bam; noontime signal gun (carried out early Meiji to Taishō); noon gun; last round in a game of 12 rounds; precisely
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
barrier; checkpoint; checking station
precisely; exactly; plumb; damn; stupid; cursed
origin; beginning; genesis; primeval; primordial; primitive
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to come out; to fall out; to fade; to discolour; to wear a hole (e.g. clothes); to leave (e.g. a meeting); to be clear
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to send; to dispatch; to despatch; to bestow (favour, etc.); to grant (e.g. pardon)
errand; mission; messenger; bearer; familiar spirit
monk; priest; sangha (the Buddhist community)
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
polite; respectful; reverent
to run along; to run beside; to follow (a policy, plan, etc.); to act in accordance with; to meet (wishes, expectations, etc.); to satisfy
Kyoto dialect; Kyoto accent
to make sense; to be consistent; to be logical; to stand to reason; to be coherent
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
barrier; gate; seki (in go); mutual life
draft; draught; handprint; signed hand-print
to entrust; to leave to a person
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
easy; likely to ...; have a tendency to ...; easy to ...
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
and yet; though; when; in spite of
wicked person; evil person; scoundrel; bad thing; mischief
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others