cat (esp. the domestic cat, Felis catus); shamisen; geisha; wheelbarrow; clay bed-warmer; bottom; submissive partner of a homosexual relationship
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
point; tip; head (of a line); front; first; before; (the way) ahead
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
sudden; abrupt; urgent; pressing; steep; sharp; rapid
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be absent; to take a day off; to rest; to have a break; to go to bed; to (lie down to) sleep
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to that extent; accordingly; that being the case; that state; that condition
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be in time (for); to serve (suit, meet) the purpose; to be good enough; to be enough
to apologize; to apologise
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
promise; agreement; convention; rule; destiny; fate
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
there's no (other) way; cannot be helped; unavoidable; it's no use (doing); pointless; hopeless (person)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
how; how much; to what extent; no matter how (much); however
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
skip it; drop it; I've had enough (e.g. when offered something); that's enough
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up