waterfall; (arch.) rapids
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
knot; tying; bundle; lumping; conclusion; ending
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
Emishi; Ezo; non-Yamato peoples in northern Japan; Yezo; Hokkaido, Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
north-east; Tōhoku (northernmost six prefectures of Honshu); Tohoku
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
finally; at last; in the end; ultimately
start; beginning; build up; how well a pitcher pitches at the start of the game
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
Enryaku era (782.8.19-806.5.18)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
command; direction; supervision; conducting (an orchestra, choir, etc.)
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
100,000; hundred thousand
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
clothes; garment; gown; robe; coating (e.g. glaze, batter, icing)
river; stream; River; the ... river
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to check; to stop; to keep back
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
liver; innards; courage; spirit; crux; essential point
mountain stream; valley; dale; wetlands; swamp; marsh
confluence (of rivers); flowing together; joining; joining (of people, groups, parties, etc.); union; linking up
spot; point; place; position
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till