indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
wife; garnish (esp. one served with sashimi); trimmings; accompaniment; side (remark)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Nagasaki (city, prefecture)
town; block; street; road; chō (unit of length, approx. 109.09 m); chō (unit of land area, approx. 0.99 hectares)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to live (on, by, etc.); to lead a life; to make a living; to earn a livelihood; to spend one's time (doing); to pass one's days (doing)
ordinary; common; commonplace; mediocre; unremarkable; undistinguished
woman; female; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
whim; caprice; fancy; capricious; fickle; whimsical
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
summer vacation; summer holiday
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
first class; first rank; one degree; one level; most; best
hundred million; 100,000,000; 10^8
yen (currency of Japan); circle
one's post; place of work; workplace
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
to buy; to purchase; to value (highly); to think highly of; to incur (someone's anger, displeasure, etc.); to elicit (e.g. sneers)
one (thin, flat object); one sheet
winning ticket; lucky number
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
counter for thin, flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper, plates, coins); counter for portions of gyōza or soba; counter for ranks; counter for wrestlers of a particular rank; counter for fields or rice paddies; counter for palanquin bearers
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
one (thin, flat object); one sheet
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; used for soft emphasis or to soften a statement or request; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
extra; more; unnecessary; needless; all the more; even more
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed