master (of a house, shop, etc.); husband; sir; boss; patron of a mistress, geisha, bar or nightclub hostess; sugar daddy
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to pass (of time); to elapse
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
father-in-law; foster father; stepfather
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
two persons; two people; pair; couple
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to live; to get along; to spend (time)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
private affairs; personal matter
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
master; teacher; stable master
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
mountain climbing; mountaineering
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
life and death; life or death
to do together; to share; to participate in
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
bone; frame; outline; core; backbone; spirit
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that