master (of a house, shop, etc.); husband; sir; boss; patron of a mistress, geisha, bar or nightclub hostess; sugar daddy
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to pass (of time); to elapse
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
father-in-law; foster father; stepfather
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
two persons; two people; pair; couple
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to live; to get along; to spend (time)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
private affairs; personal matter
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
store; shop; establishment; restaurant
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to invite; to ask (someone to do); to tempt; to lure; to induce (tears, laughter, sleepiness, etc.); to arouse (e.g. sympathy)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
limit; limits; degree; extent; the end; the last; as long as ...
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
bone; frame; outline; core; backbone; spirit