this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
time; hour; period; class
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
collective responsibility; joint liability
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
beginning of the year; new year; New Year's call; New Year's greetings
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ball (for sport, games, etc.); kemari; type of football played by courtiers in ancient Japan
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to regain one's footing; to get back on one's feet; to recover; (of the market) to improve
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
please (give me); please (do for me)
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
direction; way; person; lady; method of; manner of; care of ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it; I mean
that's the way it is; such is life
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant