chime; bell (e.g. doorbell)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
police; police officer; police station; self-appointed enforcer (of a rule, standard, etc.); busybody
dry riverbed; river beach
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
continuously; the whole time; much (more); (by) far; far (away); long (ago, before, after)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to say; to speak; to tell; to be called
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
living by oneself; living alone
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
proof; testimony; demonstration; verification; certification
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
without; unacceptable; not alright; (arch.) nonexistent; (arch.) not being (there)
last night; yesterday evening
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
hobby; pastime; tastes; preference; liking
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
before; prior to; ago; the past; before; previously
extra; more; unnecessary; needless; all the more; even more
doubt; question; uncertainty; skepticism; scepticism; suspicion
to invite; to ask; to beckon; to wave someone in; to call in; to send for
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
to be temperate in; to refrain; to make notes; to jot down (e.g. phone number); to be in preparation for; to be in waiting for
I see; that's right; indeed