what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
sound; noise; (musical) note; fame
that way; that direction; that (one); that person; there; over there
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
inhabitant; resident; citizen; population
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
April; fourth month in the lunar calendar
20th day of the month; 20 days
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
mountain; vicinity of a mountain
appeal to a higher court; intermediate appeal
fact; truth; reality; in fact; actually
accused; defendant; prisoner at the bar
Heisei era (1989.1.8-2019.4.30)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
half; semi-; half-past; odd number; (arch.) han (unit of land area, approx. 595.8 m^2)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
Tokyo Metropolis (prefecture); Tokyo metropolitan area
nth district of a town; nth city block
number one; first; best; most; game; round
number; edition; sobriquet; pen-name; size (of printing types, canvases, knitting needles, etc.); suffix attached to names of ships, trains, airplanes, etc.
location (of); position; whereabouts; place where one is
condominium (usu. mid or high-rise); apartment building; apartment house; block of flats; apartment; flat
suffix for room numbers; suffix for apartment numbers
at (a time or place); in; in (a situation, matter, etc.); on (a point); on the part of; under the authority of
household (electrical) appliance manufacturer; consumer electronics manufacturer
planning; plan; project; arrangements
development; cultivation; application; exploitation (of resources)
department and section managers
at that time; in those days
... years old; age (of) ...