at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
soon; before long; shortly; close (by); near; nearby
Nagano (city, prefecture)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
low-lying part of a city (usu. containing shops, factories, etc.); Shitamachi (low-lying area of eastern Tokyo near Tokyo Bay, incl. Asakusa, Shitaya, Kanda, Fukugawa, Honjo, Nihonbashi, Kyobashi and surrounds)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
running (of a car, bus, etc.); traveling; travelling; running (of a program)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to glide; to slide (e.g. on skis); to fail (an examination); to bomb (when telling a joke); to drop; to go down
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
in-house; (on) the grounds; (in) the premises; hall; theatre; theater
willow (any tree of genus Salix); weeping willow (Salix babylonica)
player (of a sport); athlete; team member
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
two persons; two people; pair; couple
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
adds force or indicates command
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well