indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
cherry tree; cherry blossom; light pink; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
to be lost (e.g. luggage); to be missing; to be used up; to be run out; to disappear (e.g. pain); to be lost (e.g. a dream, confidence)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
ancient time; age of the gods; mythological age; time before the ascension of Emperor Jimmu
what's the matter?; what's wrong?; what happened (to) ...?; what have you done (with) ...?; where is ...?
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (so) what (are you trying to say)?; what (do you mean)?
timid; weak-kneed; fainthearted; bearish
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
if; in case; supposing; worst (case); unexpected (occurence); unforeseen
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
for example; for instance; e.g.
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
then; well; so; well then
attractive; good-looking; stylish; cool; smooth; neat
that's good; that's nice; like (on social media); is that clear?; OK?
(some) more; even more; longer; further
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
holiday; day off; sleep; rest; good night
I'm home!; I'm back!; now; at present; just now; a moment ago
I'm off (and will be back later); see you later; to go (and then come back)
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
goodbye; so long; saying goodbye to (e.g. life as a bachelor); putting an end to; farewell (performance, party, etc.); final
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis