truth; reality; seriousness; logical truth; printed style writing; star performer
to wound; to injure; to hurt someone's feelings (pride, etc.); to damage; to chip
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
somehow or other; for some reason or another; without knowing why
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
such; this sort of; like this
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
foot of a mountain; base of a mountain
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
what's the matter?; what's wrong?
clothes (esp. Western clothes); counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, drags of a cigarette, etc.
suffix for familiar person
to redeem (from sin); to save
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
glasses; eyeglasses; spectacles; judgment; judgement; discrimination
trouble; bother; annoyance
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
myself; yourself; I; me; you
to take another good look at; to reconsider; to analyze; to reexamine
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!