indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
sound of something falling
new moon; first day of the lunar month; (in ancient China) next year's calendar and decrees (distributed by the Emperor at year's end)
hey!; wait a minute!; whoa!; boohoo; waaaa
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
deep red; crimson; rouge; lipstick
plain; field; hidden (structural) member; wild; lacking a political post
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
to apologize; to apologise
sick person; patient; invalid
direction; orientation; suited to; suitable for; tendency; inclination
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
loveable; very likeable; like very much
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
to cure; to heal; to fix; to correct; to do over again; to replace
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
painful; bitter; tough; difficult; cruel; harsh
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise