everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
once; one time; temporarily; for a moment; one degree; one tone
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
several people; a few people
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to visit; to call on; to arrive (season, time, situation, etc.); to come; (arch.) to make a sound; (arch.) to send a letter
men and women; man and woman; both sexes; both genders
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to taste; to eat; to drink; to speak (of); to refer (to); to say
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
dear me!; good gracious!; well; let me see; now
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
don't you think?; indicates question
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
likes and dislikes; pickiness (about food); choosiness; fussiness; tastes; preferences
unrelated; irrelevant; unconcerned; unconnected
anyhow; at any rate; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case
loss; damage; harm; disadvantage; handicap; drawback
wisdom; enlightenment; prajñā (one of the three divisions of the noble eightfold path); wisdom
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
Japanese laurel; spotted laurel; Aucuba japonica; live tree
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
South Pole; the Antarctic; Antarctica