I'm home!; I'm back!; now; at present; just now; a moment ago
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
brothers and sisters; siblings; half-siblings; step-siblings; mate; friend
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thank you for waiting; sorry to have kept you waiting
doing; in such a state; doing together; doing to each other; familiarizing suffix (sometimes meaning "small")
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
state examination; national examination
result; consequence; consequently; as a result; as a result of; following
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
passing (an exam); pass; success; meeting (specifications, standards, etc.); passing (inspection); qualification
congratulations!; well done!; best wishes!; all the best!
all; entire; whole; altogether
by myself; in person; by oneself
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
suffix for familiar person
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you; you shouldn't have; it's too much
(matter) for congratulations; worthy of celebration; happy (occasion, ending, etc.); naive; too good-natured; gullible
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well ...; I think ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
another time; again; over again; formally; especially; intentionally
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
I'm told; is what I heard; is how it is, apparently; is what they said
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more