honorific/polite/humble prefix
underground; below the ground; world of the dead; the grave; underground (activities, movement, etc.); secret
patience; forbearance; endurance; forgiveness; pardon
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
to be frugal; to be sparing; to value; to hold dear; to regret (e.g. a loss); to feel sorry (for)
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
together; at the same time; same; identical
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be absent; to take a day off; to rest; to have a break; to go to bed; to (lie down to) sleep
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
tear; tears; lachrymal secretion; sympathy
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to drain; to pour; to wash away; to distribute (e.g. electricity over wires, music over a PA system, etc.); to circulate; to cruise (e.g. taxi); to float
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
terrible; dreadful; terrifying; surprising; startling; tremendous
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to watch; to try to
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
people; men and women; each person; everybody
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
world; society; life; lifetime; age; era; reign
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
now; the present time; just now; another; more