indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
individuality; personality; quirk; idiosyncrasy; character; individual characteristic
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
show (of power, ability, etc.); exhibition; demonstration; display; manifestation
scoundrel; rascal; villain
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to chastise; to punish; to discipline
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
to hate the very sight of; to hold a grudge against; to treat like an enemy; to bear constant enmity; to be gunning for; to have it in for
(police) detective; criminal matter
doubt; question; uncertainty; skepticism; scepticism; suspicion
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
splendid; magnificent; utter (esp. defeat); total; (arch.) something worth seeing; (arch.) sight
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to dodge; to evade; to avoid; to sidestep
justice; right; righteousness; correct meaning; correct explanation
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
fate; destiny; connection; tie; pretext; justification
portrait; likeness; picture
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
contacting; (making) contact; connection (with a train, bus, etc.); joining (a railway line, etc.); connection (between matters, incidents, etc.); relation
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
elderly woman; senior lady-in-waiting
whereabouts; place; location; place where one belongs; where one fits in; place where one can be oneself
finally; at last; barely; narrowly; gradually; little by little
to seize; to catch; to obtain; to acquire; to understand; to grasp
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
sixth month of the lunar calendar (approx. July); June; sixth month of Gregorian calendar; triangles of sweet rice jelly topped with adzuki beans (eaten in the sixth month)
company president; manager; director
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour