by the way; in this connection; incidentally; in passing
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
toilet; restroom; bathroom; lavatory
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
Japanese-style squat toilet
feces; excrement; number two
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
to add (numbers); to add (something); to top up (with something); to take care of (e.g. one's business)
suddenly; in a flash; rapidly; attractive; distinguished; showy
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
casual; unconcerned; nonchalant
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
tips of one's hair; hair ends
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
to be lucky; to be in luck; to be attached; to have; to be included
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
laugh; laughter; smile; sneer; sex aids (e.g. dildos, pornographic books, erotic woodblock prints, etc.)
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
huff!; yo-heave-ho!; heigh-ho; to butter up; to suck up to
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
heavy; weighty; heavy (feeling); depressed; slow; sluggish; important (position, responsibility, etc.)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
change; alteration; substitute; rate of exchange