rock; boulder; crag; cliff; anchor
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
to joke; to jest; to make fun of; to laugh at; to romp; to gambol
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
seriousness; earnestness; truth; sanctity
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
to strike against; to collide with; to encounter; to meet; to clash
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to give up; to abandon (hope, plans); to resign oneself (to)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
walking; pace; step; course (of history, one's life, etc.); history; pitch (of a screw, etc.)
beyond that point; after that
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
debut; doing something for the first time; starting anew; starting afresh
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
announcement; publication; presenting; statement; communique; making known
January; first month of the lunar calendar
until then; till then; to that extent; the end of it; all there is to it
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
young man; young woman; young people; youth; youngsters
no more than; just; only; mere; goes no further than
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible