existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
pig (Sus scrofa domesticus); pork; fatso; fatty
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
edge; brink; verge; time; moment of
-ing and -ing (e.g. "coming and going"); doing such things as ...; expresses a command; (arch.) to be; (arch.) indicates completion or continuation of an action
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
to be due to; to be caused by; to depend on; to turn on; to be based on; to come from
idiot; moron; stupid; foolish; trivial; insignificant; malfunctioning
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
chip; microchip; chip (in poker, roulette, etc.); casino token; chip (shot); (wood) chip
counter for thin, flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper, plates, coins); counter for portions of gyōza or soba; counter for ranks; counter for wrestlers of a particular rank; counter for fields or rice paddies; counter for palanquin bearers
to wager; to bet; to risk; to stake; to gamble
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
with a bang bang (e.g. repeated sound of a hammer or gunfire); at a mad pace; with great vigor
to get carried away; to get overly elated; to become over-excited; to get up to speed; to move into gear
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
only; merely; but; no more than
once; one time; one round; one game; one bout; one heat
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to lose; to be defeated; to give in (to); to yield; to be inferior (to); to be second (to)
easy; simple; there's no way that ...
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
act of violence; violent behavior