above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
past; after; too (much); over- (e.g. eating)
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
mama; mamma; mom; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
dramatic role for child; child actor
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
(non-documentary) television series; TV drama; teledrama; drama; dramatic incident; spectacle
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
performance; appearance (in a stage, film, TV show, etc.)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
number one; first; best; most; game; round
to gather (attract, receive) attention; to have a high profile; to gain prominence; to become popular
actor; actress; player; performer
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
illness (usu. excluding minor ailments, e.g. common cold); disease; bad habit; bad behaviour; crazy; insane
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
medicine; pharmaceuticals; efficacious chemical (gunpowder, pesticide, etc.); (pottery) glaze; (illegal) drug; narcotic
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
being put to shame; being outshone; being eclipsed; feeling embarrassed
honorific/polite/humble prefix
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
emotion; feeling; feelings; sentiment
to shut oneself in (e.g. one's room); to be confined in; to be filled with (emotion, enthusiasm, etc.); to fill the room (of a gas, smell, etc.); to be heavy with (e.g. smoke); to be muffled (e.g. voice); to hold (a castle, fortress, etc.)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to move to tears; to draw tears; to evoke tears
tofu; bean curd; beancurd
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
all; entire; whole; altogether
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...