indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
remodeling; remodelling; restructuring; modding
factory; plant; mill; workshop
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
rushing into; breaking into; storming; plunging into (war, etc.); embarking on (a new venture)
to catch; to capture; to grasp (e.g. meaning); to perceive; to captivate; to move (one's heart)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
rescue; extricate; reclaim; deliverance
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
at that time; at that moment; then; on that occasion
invulnerability; immortality; insensibility to pain
to fight against; to oppose; to face
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
arm; skill; efforts; ability
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
damn; damn it; feces; excrement; damn; damned; very
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
adds force or indicates command
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
one's last moment; one's death; one's end
go on!; right!; here goes!
finishing blow; coup de grâce
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings
passage; pathway; roadway; avenue; aisle
to stick through; to force through; to spread throughout; to thoroughly diffuse; to make a path between two points; to proceed in a logical manner; to let pass
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to finish; to end; to merely result in something less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry