Nagasaki (city, prefecture)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
three years; third school year (e.g. of high school)
interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
medicine; medical science
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to learn; to study; to take lessons in
Edo (shogunate capital; former name of Tokyo); Yedo
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
father; father (e.g. of a discipline); pioneer (e.g. of field of research); God; Father
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to tell; to inform; to announce; to indicate; to signal; to mark
Koishikawa Yojōsho (est. 1722 as a hospital for the indigent)
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
like; as; so that; in order that; be sure to; I hope (that)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
shogunate; bakufu; shogun's headquarters; Imperial Guards office; residence of the Imperial Guards commander
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
free (of charge); gratuitous
medical treatment; medical care
counter for places (offices, facilities, stations)
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
to ask; to inquire; to blame (someone) for; to accuse of; to care about; to regard as important
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
what kind of; what sort of; what
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
studying abroad; travelling to study; traveling to study
how long; how far; how much
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm