honorific/polite/humble prefix
name; given name; first name
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nice to meet you; I'm glad to make your acquaintance; how do you do?
expert; learned person; doctor; PhD; instructor at the imperial court (ritsuryō period); pitch and length marks (to accompany a Buddhist liturgical chant, etc.)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
I wonder; do you think?; I might; some kind; some stage; somehow
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
calculation; computation; reckoning; consideration; calculation; estimation
to try (out); to have a try (at); to test; to put to the test
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
end; conclusion; last; final; once ...; the moment ... (, that's it)
column; beam; girder; digit; decade; order of magnitude
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
to be (in contrast to something that is not the case)
liking; being fond of; liking (romantically); being in love with; faddism; eccentricity
numeral; digit; figure; number; a few characters
no; you're welcome; not at all; don't mention it
to notice; to realize; to be attentive; to be scrupulous; to regain consciousness; to come to (one's senses)
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
multiplication table; times table
to take lessons in; to be taught; to learn (from a teacher); to study (under a teacher); to get training in
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
step; stair; shelf; layer; grade; level; dan (degree of advanced proficiency in martial arts, go, shogi, etc.)