sagacity; wisdom; intelligence
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
starting up (e.g. business, computer)
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
the present; present time; as of; present tense; this world; this life
mass communication; mass media
announcement; publication; presenting; statement; communique; making known
towards (a destination); for the purpose of; with the goal of; targeting (a group, a demographic)
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to advance; to move forward; to carry forward (plans, work, etc.); to proceed with; to raise; to elevate
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
company president; manager; director
assimilation; absorption; adaptation; assimilation; anabolism; assimilation (phonology)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
interest (in something); enthusiasm
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be sufficient; to be enough; to be worth doing; to be worthy of; to do (the job); to serve
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
in the first place; to begin with; after all; anyway; beginning; start
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
young; youthful; immature; green; low (number); small
woman; female; feminine gender
layer; stratum; class; stratum; sheaf; counter for stories (of a building)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to spread; to extend; to unfold; to open; to scatter about; to spread around
purpose; goal; aim; objective; intention
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you