piece of paper; slip of paper; strip of paper; scrap of paper
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to do exactly what one is told to do; to be subservient; to be easily controlled
to collect; to gather; to save; to accumulate; to pile up
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt; sentence-ending particle expressing a rhetorical question
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
achievement; performance; results; work; contribution
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to raise; to elevate; to move something (to a higher place); to put onto (e.g. a shelf); to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to raise (a wage); to show someone (into a room)
bad; wrong; must not (do, be); should not; useless; no good; hopeless
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
circumstances; condition; arranging; managing; lending money; raising money
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
place; location; room; space; sumo tournament
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
result; consequence; consequently; as a result; as a result of; following
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (of China; 9-23 CE)
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
nothing but; except; no more than
to find; to discover; to come across; to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
past; after; too (much); over- (e.g. eating)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
how; in what way; how about
to finish; to end; to have a result less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
it's been a long time; long time no see
quantity; amount; volume; number; amount of money