indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
demotion; relegation; reduction in rank; degradation; downward move
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
outskirts (of a town); run-down district
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be crushed; to be squashed; to go bankrupt; to go under; to be ruined (of a plan); to be cancelled; to be lost (of one's voice, eyesight, sense of smell, etc.)
(being in) the red; deficit; red letter; red writing; corrections (by a teacher or proofreader) written in red
full of (e.g. mistakes); riddled with; covered all over with (blood, mud, etc.)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
company; corporation; firm; one's workplace
absolutely; definitely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
(being in) the black; surplus; black letter
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to show; to display; to make (something or someone) look ...; to present an appearance of ...; to make (something) worth watching; to be entertaining; to have (something) looked at (by a specialist)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
achievements; actual results; accomplishments; past results; track record
head office; main office; main shrine; this company; this shrine
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
funny; amusing; strange; odd; wrong; unsuitable
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to bring (something); to take along; to fetch; to get
one's own convenience; one's way; surroundings; environment; convenience; ease of use; financial circumstances
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
all; everything; entirety; absolutely (not); (not) at all; (none) whatsoever
to be involved (in); to get involved (in); to relate to (a matter); to pertain to; to (seriously) affect; to concern
how; in what way; how about