synthesis; coordination; putting together; comprehensive
electrical machinery; appliances
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
to attack; to assail; to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.); to make a sudden visit
storm; tempest; uproar; hullabaloo; storm (e.g. of protest)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
company; corporation; workplace
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
business; trade; operations; sales
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
section manager; section chief
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
strength; intensity; strong (e.g. glasses); powerful (e.g. lens); intense (e.g. fear)
insufficiency; deficiency; shortage; dissatisfaction; discontent; complaint
screw; key (of a clock, watch, etc.); spring (of a clock, watch, etc.)
to deal with (a person); to treat; to deal with (a problem); to handle; to operate (e.g. a machine); to handle; to deal in
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
cut; reduction; curtailment
to plan; to attempt; to plot; to conspire; to aim for; to strive for
to impose (a tax, fine, etc.); to levy; to assign (a task, duty, etc.); to give; to set
amount sold; sales; proceeds; takings; turnover
achievement; attainment; accomplishment; realization
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
injustice; unfairness; wrongdoing; iniquity; impropriety; irregularity
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
two parts; both parts; both realms (i.e. the Diamond Realm and the Womb Realm); Shinto-Buddhist amalgamation
head; chief; merit; strong point; superiority; major
ten thousand years; eternity; perennial; perpetual
subsection head; assistant manager; chief clerk
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
change (of personnel); reshuffle (e.g. of a cabinet); shake-up; dismissal (e.g. of a minister); replacement