why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
to keep company; to listen to; to associate with; to play against (e.g. a team); to take on (e.g. a rival)
quickly; at once; right away; hurriedly
under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.); under (a flag, the sun, etc.); beneath; with (e.g. one blow); on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...); (somebody's) side
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
society; the world; the times
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
flashiness; showiness; brilliance; bloom; flowers
to lick; to lap; to taste; to experience (esp. a hardship); to look down on (someone); to make fun of
imitating; copying; mimicry; behavior; behaviour; action
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
adds force or indicates command
to release; to let go; to free; to add (pieces of eggplant, potato, etc.) to water, broth, etc.
suffix for familiar person
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
promptly; immediately; quickly; indifferently
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
to hesitate; to hold back; to be reluctant; to be unwilling; to have loose painful bowel movement; to suffer from tenesmus